Vacuum tube circuit



Oct. 6, 1936. J c w 2,056,824

VACUUM TUBE CIRCUITS Original Filed Oct. 28, 1924 Patented Oct. 6, 1936 "AGUU'MZ TUBE CIRCUIT Aloysius J. Cawley, Pittston, Pa.

Continuation of application Serial No. 746,347, October 28, 1924. This application November 2, 1932, Serial No. 640,804

1 Claim.

Some of the objects of the invention are:

Great economy in reception is obtained by means of the invention.

Another object of the invention is the saving is and amplification ofv both components of the delicate radio frequency alternating currents generated by the incoming waves in the receiving circuits, one component being at present wasted in practice.

Another object of the invention is to supply both components of the alternating current to a differentially wound coil in order to obtain the additive effect of the two components.

Referring to the accompanying drawing forming a part of this specification, in which like characters of reference denote corresponding parts in all of the views,

Figure 1 illustrates a receiving station embodying the invention. Two crystal detectors are arranged in one arm of the oscillating circuit, the

result being that neither component of. the alternating current is quenched, but each component acts to operate one telephone receiver exclusive of the other.

5 Fig. 2 is a modification of Figure 1, differing in that a magnet of a sound reproducing means is provided having a double winding each containing a crystal. The arrangement is such that the alternating current is separated by the crys- 30 tals into its components, and the latter are caused to pass through the two elements of the double winding in the same direction, thus additively operating the sound reproducer.

Fig. 3 illustrates a receiving station which is 35 equipped with two crystal detectors which separate the two components of the alternating current and cause them to traverse the double winding of a primary of an induction coil in the same direction, thus additively inducing currents in the 40 same direction in the secondary of this coil. This secondary current is supplied to an amplifying means, here shown as a vacuum tube circuit. This permits all of the current generated in the receiving antenna to be utilized in producing a 45 loud sound reproduction in the telephones.

Fig. 4 illustrates a receiving station equipped with a coupling coil, and in the arms of the secondary oscillating circuit of. this coil there are two vacuum tube circuits for the purpose of detect- 50 ing and amplifying both components of the alternating current. Since such tubes possess unilateral conductivity, the alternating current in passing in one direction passes through one tube and in the other direction traverses the other 55 tube. Both amplified components are fed to the ponents of the alternating current. 10 1 The waves are received by the antenna la in Fig. 1. The usual tuning coil 9 and condenser c and ground a are shown in a form of circuit which is sometimes used, but the invention is not limited to any type of. receiving circuit. Alternating 15 currents are generated in circuit containing 9 and 0. These in turn cause alternating currents to pass in the circuit containing 'c and the arm containing subarms supplied each with detectors (1 andd". One subarm contains detector (1 and 0 one magnet of a telephone head set M, the other contains detector (1' and the other magnet of the head set. These detectors are so connected that they separate the components of the alternating current, and pass the two currents one through one magnet and the other through the other. Both components of the current are used and a sound reproduction of double intensity is obtained.

Fig. 2 shows a modification of Fig. l in which the circuit containing c and d, d is modified. The two components of the alternating current are passed through two separate windings of a magnet of a sound reproducing means, in such manner that they traverse this magnet winding in the same direction, and bring about a unitary, additive reproduction of the sound, which is double that ordinarily obtained.

Still another form of receiver involving this invention is shown in Fig. 3. The waves are received by antenna Ia and the generated alternating current traverses the tuning coil 9, but then encounters detectors d and d, each in a separate circuit. These detectors act to separate the two components of the alternating currents and sends each component through a separate winding of the primary of an induction coupling coil in such manner that they both traverse it in the same direction and induce currents additively in the secondary of this coil, shown at 90. One component passes through winding 9d after being detected by crystal (1; the other component is detected by d and passed through winding 9e. The current from 9 to d, d is alternating, as is that from c to ground. Through the pricondenser 0.

mary winding, however, there are two pulsating currents in the same direction, which are added together and form a single pulsating unidirectional current. If desired, a capacitance of suit- .able magnitude :may be included in the circuit governed by the detector d and an inductance of suitable form may be included in the circuit governed by d. This will bring both components into the same phase.

The adaptation" of the invention to another circuit is shown in Fig. 4. Thev electric waves.

generate alternating current in primary 9a 6 a coupling coil, after being received by'theian.

tenna l b. A current is generated in secondary 9b.

This produces an alternating currentthrough This, in rn produces ianotherr alternating current which is distributed through 2 or between the two derived circuits contains-..

ing, the one the vacuum tube l8, and the other the vacuum tube 11. tube are. of the same length on account of electromagnetic and electrostatic considerations, but the connections to tube H. are shown longer for purposes of clear. illustration. Obviously,

since the tubes possess unilateral conductivity and as they are oppositely connected with re-.

spect to this property, one component of the alternating currentis detected or transmitted byone tube, and the other component .is de- 'tected by and transmitted to the other tube.

Detection is merely the passing of one component of alternating current in one direction and the exclusion of the currentpassing in the opposite direction., Tubes I1 and! are detectoramplifying tubes. therefore, acts to detect andamplify both components of the delicate alternating currentv gen.- eratedby the incoming waves .in the receiving circuits. Theoutput of both tubes mustof necessity be in the same direction. current .is an interrupted, unidirectional, amplified current which operates ,a sound reproducer,- here shown as head phones I. Obviously the The connections to each The: arrangement .shown,

This output.

However, illustration of such would not aid in amplifying the disclosure of the invention, but merely. indicates its scope.

V The invention is based on the fact that an electric "current follows the path of the least resistance. Detectorskas used in wireless telephony; andiz-telegraphy simply act by offering a resistance inl'one direction only to an electric current. In circuits described, the current auto- 'matically' selects the path of the least resistance.

This application is acontinuationapplication of..Serial.No. 746,347, filed Oct; 28,1924, for Wireless system.

Having described myinve'ntion, I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent:

In combination a circuit in which alternatingcurrent flows, two subcircuits in cooperative .relation.with said circuit,. a rectifying means in each of said subcircuits, said rectifying means;

being oppositelyqconnected in order thatv but one component. of said alternating. current flows in, each of said circuits,, means for; converting electric current into; sound waves,-; said means;

being provided witha twocoil magnet, said coils being oppsitely wound,in order. that said componentsshall traverse said converting means in the same direction, eachoi said coils being connected in each of, said-subcircuits in-orderthat the components of said alternating current shall' actadditively. to,:operate saidm eans for ,con-. verting current, into .sound waves. 1

1, Q "AL overus J. cAW L EY. 

